The psychological consequences to adolescents of exposure to gang violence in the community: an integrated review of the literature.

PROBLEM Gang violence affects many adolescents in the United States, and there has been an increase in violent crimes against adolescents in recent years. METHOD A literature review examined studies related to gang violence. FINDINGS Little research has focused on adolescents' exposure to gang violence and its effects on adolescents' mental health. Adolescents develop internalizing symptoms and externalizing behaviors after exposure to violence; but other factors influence adolescents' exposure and reaction to violence. CONCLUSION With the increase in gang violence over the years, more research is needed on gang violence and its effects on adolescents and their mental health.